ICHCW

Agriculture Chemical Management

Basel Convention

Benefits of using PRTR system

What are the benefits of a PRTR?

The following are some of the possible used and benefits of PRTR s from the perspective of three main user group: government, Industry, and the publish and there were :

Government

A PRTR will provide comprehensive information to assist the government in addressing some data after it is designed and approval by royal government of Cambodia such as:

Providing information on pollutants being release and how much is being releaseand over what time period;
Identifying industries or facilities which are generating potentially harmfulchemical release in to the environmental;
Identifying geographic area of pollutants being release and how much of each substance is going to air, water and land.
Pointing out the geographic distribution of pollutant emission ;
Monitoring enforcement of current regulation;
Providing inventory data that related to chemical substance and environmental pollution issues for measuring national progress toward risk reduction and pollution prevention goal and;
PRTR system will reduce monitoring work and government expending while large Waste is decrease

Industry

The private sector, such as factories and industries, may wrongly believe that PRTR reporting of chemicals substance use, waste generation and emission will be a burden.The experiences from PRTR implementing from private sector of other countries show that PRTR is the very vital tool in providing key information for their trade implementing as below:

Providing information of level efficacy of raw material using and resourcessupporting in their production such as: chemical substance ,water electricity ,and fuel;
Identifying equipment leak and other inefficiencies that waste raw material and resources in their production system ;
Identifying types and waste quantity of their production and emission which transfer in to environmental .
Monitoring their production management such as: raw material ,semi-finish product, and final product  respect to the technical or not;
Altering level of losing raw material or recourse supporting production through releasing in to environmental and lost in semi-product and waste and;
Accessing information in production management ,raw material ,and waste which approve environmental quality by prevent pollution in industry and reduce waste increasingly. Additionally ,the industry gain benefit from expend reduction on losing raw material , water ,and disposal especially they can improve manufacturing process and reduced point source and fugitive emission in to environment or removing in site or off site chemical substance containing in solid waste and waste water.

Public

Regarding to the principle of agenda 21 that is “communities and worker have right to access information on chemical risks has its origin in a straightforward notion” those who are potentially exposed to risks from chemical are entitle to known about these risks so they can make informed choices and take appropriate actions. Thus, PRTR is the significant tool for ensuring community and workers can access information .Moreover, PRTR data is very useful in helping public access all information which relevant to harmful environmental cause    such as chemical disposal or hazard waste .So, the public will able to participate in making decision with governments related to environmental pollution preventing and finding any cause which harmful in to environmental as well.  

Brokas

Cambodia PRTR Background

Cambodia PRTR (Pollutant Release and Transfer Register ) is an environmental database of potentially harmful releases to air, water and soil. It also includes wastes that are transferred for treatment and disposal from the site of their production. PRTRs are a practical way of implementing the public’s right to know and has proven to be an effective tool for environmental management by providing government, industry, and the public with emissions information. PRTRs have also been identified as a work area in SAICM’s Global Plan of Action becoming a broadly implemented tool worldwide on chemicals and environmental quality management.

A PRTR has several benefits to all sectors of a country or region. Governmental authorities may obtain an improved database for environmental data, obtain trend analyses and identify priority concern areas, regarding pollution and adverse effects of releases in human health. Industry can enhance co-efficiency, can obtain cost savings and may introduce new best available technologies. Civil society will have access to environmental data, awareness on environmental information will be raises and they could have public participation in decision making processes. 

In phase I, GEF, UNEP and UNITAR, Cambodia started a project was implementation in during 2009-2010, but the web was not created yet.

In May 2016, in cooperation with GEF, UNEP and UNITAR, Cambodia started a project involved in a global project on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) monitoring, reporting and information dissemination using Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR). During the implementation of this project, Cambodia have designed a national PRTR system through a multi-stakeholder process, including reporting of POPs during phase I. POPs control is a priority at international level and their elimination is being implemented in several countries. 

An important initial step in the process of designing a national PRTR system is to raise awareness among the various stakeholders regarding what a PRTR is, what opportunities it can provide, and the implications and responsibilities it holds for those who will be involved in and affected by its implementation. 

The implementation of a PRTR system and PRTR database management may not be effectively implemented without information technology introduced.  There are numbers of software that shall be incorporated for PRTR database management. Besides the application of Microsoft Office, other programs shall be introduced for data analysis such as SPSS, GIS (geographic information system).  In addition, other communication software shall be also introduced including networks, internet, website design programs (i.e. dream weaver, font page, etc.) and other necessary programs.

A Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR) brings information about which chemicals are being released or otherwise managed as waste, where, how much and by whom. Since 2016 Cambodia is implementing the UNITAR/UNEP project to establish a functioning Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR) in the country. By 2018, Cambodia is expected to start the pilot testing of the PRTR system, together with the development of a number of regulation and guidance materials to assist competent authorizes and industries/facilities to carryout PRTRs. During the first cycle of PRTR reporting Small-Medium Enterprise (SME), particularly agro-industry facilities, may not be able to implement PRTR, but they are expected to implement and report PRTR data in the upcoming years.

Most PRTRs were designed to meet the needs of specific facilities, with less attention being given to the comparability of the data across different PRTRs. Consequently, many PRTRs have differing requirements in terms of which chemicals and sectors are covered, and what thresholds trigger reporting. In 2018, the Department of Hazardous Substances Management (DHSM) will review facilities and identify the most suitable one for carrying out PRTR system during the demonstration period.

Greater harmonization of PRTR data within country – as well as many facilities which are using national guidance to establish their own systems – would provide increased opportunities for a national analysis of pollutant releases as well as facilitate comparisons between provinces. Facilities are encouraged to implement the national PRTR harmonization strategies and tools to realize the benefits from harmonized PRTRs as they set up or update their own PRTRs.

This document is published under the responsibility of the DHSM of the General Directorate of Environmental Protection of the Ministry of Environment (MoE).

• Developing a PRTR System
• PRTR Reporting Requirement
• PRTR Benefit
• Benefits of using PRTR system
• Cambodia PRTR Background
• Register to use the PRTR online reporting system

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Description

Chemical Management in occupation

Classification and Labelling System Scheme

Contact PRTR

Developing a PRTR System

The PRTR system enables us to know what chemicals, from what kind of sources,and how much chemicals are released for each year.

The PRTR system is now widely adopted and implemented absroad. In Japan, “The Act on Confirmation, etc. of Release Amounts of Specific Chemical Substances in the Environment and Promotion of Improvements to the Management Thereof” was established in 1999.The PRTR (Pollutant Release and Transfer Register) is a system that (i) requires businesses handling chemical substances potentially hazardous to the environment to estimate the amounts of chemical substances released and transferred in waste, and to report the data to their local governments, and that (ii) the national government then compiles data submitted and makes the results public.

PRTR aims to establish the common background of risk communication among the government, the business operators and the public by providing data about releases of chemical substances to the environment. These data also help the business operators to manage their own amount of releases. In consequence, it can contribute to reduce the environmental risks from chemical substances.

Purpose of the PRTR system

The purpose of the PRTR system is to promote voluntary improvement of the management of chemical substances by business operators and to prevent any impediments to the preservation of the environment by taking measures for the confirmation of releases and transfers of specific chemical substances in the environment, while gaining the understanding of business operators and citizens.

Significance of the PRTR system

• Obtainment of basic data for environmental conservation
• Determination of priorities in the administrative measures for chemical substances
• Promotion of voluntary improvement of the management of chemical substances by business operators
• Provision of information to the public and promotion of their understanding of chemical substances
• Understanding of the effect of environmental conservation measures and the improvements made by the measures

Diffuse Sources

Environmental Chemical Management

Events

Facility-Level Data

Guideline

Health Chemical Management

Industrial Chemical Management

Information on toxicity of PRTR substances

An independent company advisor works with customers on technique, arranging and critical thinking, and enables customers to create business abilities and information. These subjects run from planning a plan of action or showcasing plan, to figuring out which advertising procedures to utilize and how to utilize them.

Law

Minamata Convention

News

Part 1: General information

Part 2: Online Reporting System

Part 3: How does industrial calculation of Emission or emission estimation techniques?

PRTR Chemist List

Since Cambodia is just starting a PRTR system design and capacities are limited, not all chemicals listed in the Kiev Protocol shall be reported in the initial stage. The chemicals that shall be reported in the initial stage are those chemicals that have the following criteria: toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, reproductive or developmental effects, neurotoxicity, and transboundary transport and exposure. Furthermore, chemicals that are subject for reporting under international conventions and protocols shall also be incorporated in this initial stage of the PRTR system implementation in Cambodia. Therefore, chemicals that should be addressed in this initial stage implementation are:

Greenhouse Gases (Climate Change Convention and Kyoto Protocol)

1. Methane
2. Nitrous oxide
3. Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)
4. Perfluorocarbons (PFC)
5.Carbon Dioxide
6. Sulfur hexafluoride

Substances Depleting of the Ozone Layer (Montreal Protocol)

7. CFC
8. Halons
9. Others CFC fully Halogenated
10. Carbon tetrachloride
11. 1,1,1- Trichloroethane (Methylchloroform)
12. HBFC
13. Methylbromide
14. Bromochloromethane

Persistent Organic Pollutants (Stockholm Convention)

15.Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, their salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride
16. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, their salts and sulfonyl fluoride perfluorooactano
17. Aldrin
18. Alpha hexachlorocyclohexane
19. Beta hexachlorocyclohexane
20. Beta-Chlordane
21. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
22. Chlordecone
23. DDT
24. Dibenzoparadioxins polychlorinated and dibenzofurans (PCDD /PCDF)

26. Dieldrin
27. Endrina
28. Hexabromodiphenyl ether and ether heptabromodiphenyl
29. Hexabromodiphenyl ether, heptabromodiphenyl, octabromodiphenyl ether
30. Tetrabromodifenil ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether
31. Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether
32. Heptachlor
33. Hexabromobiphenyl
34. Hexachlorobenzene
35. Lindane
36. Mirex
37. Pentachlorobenzene
38. Toxaphene

Atmospheric pollutant criteria

39. Sulfur dioxide
40. Nitrogen dioxide
41. Carbon monoxide
42. Total Particles
43. PM10
44. PM2.5
45. Plumb
46. Ozone

Metals

47. Aluminum
48. barium
49. Cadmium
50. Total cyanide
51. Chromium
52. Antimony

53. Arsenic
54. Cobalt
55. Copper
56. Tin
57. Methyl mercury
58. Mercury, including mercury compounds, alkyl mercury compounds alkoxy alkyl and aryl mercury
59. Nickel
60. Palladium
61. Plomo ll
62. Silver
63. Platinum
64. Selenium
65. Thallium
67. Tellurium
68. Vanadium
69. Zinc

Other substances

70. Acids or bases that can cause pollution, explosives or flammable
71. Chloroform
72. Compounds phenolics
73. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
74. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs
75. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH)
76. Sulfates
77. Sulfides
78. Sulfides carbon

PRTR Profile

PRTR Reporting Requirements

A Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR) provides annual data on the pollutants released by facilities on site to the air, water and land, or for disposal or underground injection; and transferred off site for recycling, treatment or disposal. The PRTR Cambodia initiative promotes public access to PRTR data to improve understanding of the sources and management of pollutants of common concern. The data used in PRTR System are reported by facilities to the Ministry of Environment. Efforts are focused on adding value to the data through their integration, analysis and dissemination.

Which Pollutants Must Be Reported?
Download list

The pollutants subject to national PRTR reporting requirements are listed because they meet certain criteria for chemical toxicity and the potential for risk to human health and the environment. Each PRTR system covers a specific list of substances: National Polluntant Release of Cambodia spans almost 83 pollutants.

The PRTR programs also feature pollutant reporting thresholds. Certain pollutants have lower reporting thresholds due to their greater potential for risk to human health and the environment. In general, the pollutant thresholds established by the PRTRs are as follows:

For Cambodia, a facility must report if it manufactures, processes, or otherwise uses (e.g., in cleaning industrial equipment) 10,000 kilograms (Draft of Sub-Decree)
Follow the Thredhold in First Draft of Sub-decree on Pollutant Release and Transfer Register..
To see the list of pollutants reported to the Cambodia PRTRs, please consult: [Excel File].

In order to provide more information about PRTR pollutants, the N-PRTR report and online database also categorize them as follows:

Known or suspected carcinogens, based on the World Health Organizations' International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and California's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) Proposition 65 list;
Developmental or reproductive toxicants, based on California's Proposition 65 list;
Persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) substances, which have properties that render them a long-term environmental and health threat, even in small quantities;
Metals: Metals occur naturally, but human activities such as mining and smelting enlarge their proportions in the environment. The toxicity of certain metals and their compounds can depend on the forms they take in the environment.

PRTR substances

Since Cambodia is just starting a PRTR system design and capacities are limited, not all chemicals listed in the Kiev Protocol shall be reported in the initial stage. The chemicals that shall be reported in the initial stage are those chemicals that have the following criteria: toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, reproductive or developmental effects, neurotoxicity, and transboundary transport and exposure.

Furthermore, chemicals that are subject for reporting under international conventions and protocols shall also be incorporated in this initial stage of the PRTR system implementation in Cambodia. Therefore, chemicals that should be addressed in this initial stage implementation are: 

• Persistent organic pollutants (i.e. 12 existing POPs and 09 new POPs), cover only PCBs, Dioxin and Furans (during the initial stage);
• Ozone layer depleting substances (i.e. Methyl bromide, CFCs, HCFC);
• The greenhouse gases (i.e. carbon dioxide, methane);
• Hazardous chemicals that are contained in wastes as specified under the Basel Convention, i.e. cadmium, mercury, chromium, lead, etc. (regardless employees numbers) The substances proposed to report on the PRTR can be classified into 5 groups:
• GHG-Greenhouse Gases-Kyoto Protocol o Global Warming Potential (GWP)
• POPs - Persistent Organic Pollutants - Stockholm Convention,
• Criteria air pollutants,
• Metals, and Other substances. Key activities covered by the National PRTR system are based on the UNECE Guidelines on the Implementation of the Protocol on Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers to the Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters. In Appendix 1 and 2 (List of substances and parameters for PRTR), PRTR systems report emission and releases of hazardous chemicals to air (a), water (w) and for off-site transfers (o), respectively. The indicative list shall be made to help in the identification of contaminants that may be issued for a specific category of productive activity and can be used as a checklist for reporting.

Table 1: List of substances and parameters for PRTR pilot testing

• PRTR substances
• PRTR Chemist List
• Information on Toxicity of PRTR Substances
• Substance Fact Sheets

Rottadam Convention

Royal CODE

Royal Decre

Stockholm Convention

Sub decree

Substance Fact Sheets

The MoE contains data on 93 substances that are emitted to the environment. The substances included in the MoE have been identified as important because of their possible health and environmental effects.

The following fact sheets describe how you might be exposed to a substance, common uses and sources of emissions, and physical and chemical properties.

• Acetaldehyde
• Acetic acid (ethanoic acid)
• Acetone
• Acetonitrile
• Acrolein (2-propenal)
• Acrylamide
• Acrylic acid
• Acrylonitrile (2-propenenitrile)
• Ammonia (total)
• Aniline (benzenamine)
• Antimony and compounds
• Arsenic and compounds
• Benzene
• Benzene hexachloro - (HCB)
• Beryllium and compounds
• Biphenyl (1,1-biphenyl)
• Boron and compounds
• 1,3-Butadiene (vinyl ethylene)
• Cadmium and compounds
• Carbon disulfide
• Carbon monoxide
• Chlorine and compounds
• Chlorine dioxide
• Chloroethane (ethyl chloride)
• Chloroform (trichloromethane)
• Chlorophenols (di, tri, tetra)
• Chromium (III) compounds
• Chromium (VI) compounds
• Cobalt and compounds
• Copper and compounds
• Cumene (1-methylethylbenzene)
• Cyanide (inorganic) compounds
• Cyclohexane
• Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
• 1,2-Dibromoethane
• Dibutyl phthalate
• 1,2-Dichloroethane
• Dichloromethane
• Ethanol (ethyl alcohol)
• 2-Ethoxyethanol
• 2-Ethoxyethanol acetate
• Ethyl acetate
• Ethyl butyl ketone
• Ethylbenzene
• Ethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol)
• Ethylene oxide: Sources of emissions
• Fluoride compounds: Sources of emissions
• Formaldehyde (methyl aldehyde)
• Glutaraldehyde: Sources of emissions
• Hydrochloric acid
• Hydrogen sulfide
• Lead & compounds
• Magnesium oxide fume: Sources of emissions
• Manganese & compounds
• Mercury & compounds
• Methanol
• 2-Methoxyethanol
• 2-Methoxyethanol acetate
• Methyl ethyl ketone
• Methyl isobutyl ketone
• Methyl methacrylate
• 4,4'-Methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA)
• Methylenebis (phenylisocyanate)
• n-Hexane: Sources of emissions
• Nickel & compounds
• Nickel carbonyl
• Nickel subsulfide
• Nitric acid
• Organo-tin compounds
• Oxides of Nitrogen
• Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5)
• Phenol
• Phosphoric acid
• Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
• Polychlorinated dioxins and furans
• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
• Selenium & compounds
• Styrene (ethenylbenzene)
• Sulfur dioxide
• Sulfuric acid
• 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane
• Tetrachloroethylene
• Toluene (methylbenzene)
• Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
• Total Nitrogen
• Total Phosphorus
• Total Volatile Organic Compounds
• 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
• Trichloroethylene
• Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM)
• Xylenes (individual or mixed isomers)
• Zinc and compounds

Technical Guideline

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